I'm just going by what everyone knows, people aren't in school in the Summer. This means more people outside and its warmer, so people are out longer. The longer you stay outside in this city the more trouble you will run into.
For example, you'll hear about someone getting shot and killed walking the street at 1am in the morning to their house. This would only happen in the summer because its nicer out. I've said before St. Louisans don't want to be outside during the day, its too hot. From 5am-10am 6pm-10pm that's when people are most active in their leisure time. If you're out and about walking around past 10, you're asking for trouble unless you're in a white area. Then the cut off is before 12. The city's nightlife is only in small concentrated pockets. The rest of the town is a ghost town. The crimes happen when somebody walks into the ghost town part.
And its cold in the winter, so you're not going to go wandering unless certain events are happening (Blues game is effy, most of the traffic is from the suburbs), Rams night games, and Mardi Gras. If you stay around at Mardi Gras past 5pm when it gets dark, it gets lawless. People start breaking windows, drug pedalers come out pushing drugs on you, girls get taken advantage of and usually somebody ends up dead.
This is in no way a St. Louis problem, but is a refection of most of Midwestern to Southern cities that have experienced white flight post 60s. St. Louis is grouped with towns like Detroit, Memphis, Atlanta, Cleveland for this reason. The each of these cities have more or less the same underlining factor in their problems.
Crime has been on the downward trend anyway in St. Louis, but I'm serious when I joke a lot about Vancouver's crime rate (same size) in terms of St. Louis. If Vancouver's high crime years happened in St. Louis, the Police Chief and Mayor would become saints and heroes.